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We're all entitled to having our particular likes and dislikes
when it comes to the food we eat. But which foods should we all
make a point of including in our diets, because they're simply
magic?
Take a look at our list of top 10 super foods – and find out why you just
can't afford to go without them. The good news is that some of your
favourites probably made the list:
1. Tuna
Tuna, and other fatty, dark-skinned fish, came out tops.
Fatty fish contains omega-3 fatty acids, which help to lower cholesterol
levels and reduce the risk of heart disease.
Research suggests that the omega-3s can also play a role in preventing
conditions like hypertension, rheumatoid arthritis, Alzheimer's disease,
depression, dry eye syndrome, and possibly cancer. These are all diseases
that affect a staggering number of people across the globe.
Make a plan to eat fatty fish at least two to three times a week. Just
make sure you lay off on the batter and added fat.
2. Eggs
A single egg is packed with goodness. And while eggs do contain cholesterol,
the effect is not as detrimental as scientists once believed.
For as little as 75 calories, an egg provides 12% of the daily
recommended value for protein, as well as a wide variety of other nutrients
such as vitamin A, B6, B12, D, folate, iron, phosphorous and zinc.
On top of this, the humble egg is now also categorised as a "functional
food", i.e. a food that provides health benefits beyond its basic
nutritional benefits.
The key is the carotenoids, lutein and zeaxanthin, found in egg yolks.
These substances collect in parts of the eye and have been shown to play a
role in promoting vision and preventing some common causes of blindness.
A word of warning though: make sure your cholesterol levels are normal
before you start including more eggs in your diet. You may be suffering from
high cholesterol without knowing it.
However, if your cholesterol levels have been tested and are normal, two
or three eggs per week could boost your health. Just remember to opt for
poached, boiled or scrambled eggs instead of fried ones.
3. Beans
Baked beans, black beans, lima beans, kidney beans. Eating plenty of beans
can reduce your risk of heart disease and stroke and help prevent cancer,
researchers say.
This is mostly due to the fact that beans are a rich source of
antioxidants. A variety of veggies, fruits, legumes and nuts recently
battled it out for the top spot on a new list of the 20 most
antioxidant-rich foods. The small red bean came out tops, and red kidney
beans and pinto beans weren't far behind.
A serving (one-third cup of cooked beans) contains about 80 calories,
little fat, no cholesterol, and plenty of complex carbohydrates. These
legumes also provide a good source of B vitamins, potassium and fibre.
Legumes make a great side dish and can also be used as a substitute for
meat. While legumes don't contain complete proteins such as meat, you could
supplement your diet by eating grain or dairy products along with legumes.
This is particularly useful in the diet of the vegetarian.
4. Cocoa
Here's a bit of good news for chocoholics: the delicious treat could lower
your risk for heart disease and hypertension.
It looks like cocoa exerts its positive effect mainly in three ways:
firstly, by keeping the endothelium (the layer of cells that lines the heart
and blood vessels) healthy, thereby reducing the risk of heart attacks;
secondly, by lowering blood pressure, which is also related to heart
disease; and thirdly, by modulating platelet function in a similar way as
aspirin does.
However, the key ingredients in cocoa, what scientists call flavanols,
are only present in dark chocolate.
Although more research needs to be done, it's probably safe to say that a
small helping (10 g) of good-quality chocolate every day could do no harm –
if the chocolate is of the darker variety, and if it forms part of an
energy-controlled diet.
5. Brazil nuts
Due to Brazil nuts' high selenium content, these nuts can be seen as a
"complete" protein source.
This means that, unlike the proteins in most plant products, Brazil nuts'
proteins contain all the necessary amino acids to foster optimal growth in
humans in the same way as proteins from animal products do. But even animal
products, like chicken and beef, don't contain as much selenium as Brazil
nuts do.
Selenium is also a powerful antioxidant. And Brazil nuts are also a very
good source of zinc (essential to digestion and metabolism).
Eight medium Brazil nuts count as one serving (30 g). Since these nuts
are high in fat, they shouldn't be included in the diet more than three
times per week. These nuts should also replace other fats in the diet and
shouldn't just be added.
Note, however, that, because of its high saturated fat content, Brazil
nuts could be a dangerous addition to your diet if you are at risk of heart
disease. Rather opt for nuts with less fat, like almonds, if this is the
case.
6. Garlic
Garlic is not only a great way to add a little kick to a pasta dish; it also
offers tremendous health benefits.
Research has shown that garlic could help prevent heart disease,
hypertension and cancer, and can possibly improve lung function. Garlic is
also a great way to boost one's immunity – especially in wintertime.
Include a clove or two of garlic in your diet every day. Just make sure
that the garlic isn't overcooked. And steer clear of garlic if you're on
anti-coagulant medication.
7. Yoghurt
Yoghurt not only contains bone-building calcium, but is also a great source
of probiotics.
Probiotics are microbial foods or supplements that can be used to change
or improve the intestinal bacterial balance to boost the health of the host.
Probioics thwart the overgrowth of harmful bacteria by competing for
attachment sites and nutrients in the gastrointestinal tract.
Include a tub of fat-free or low-fat yoghurt in your diet every day –
just make sure the label states "live AB cultures".
8. Citrus
You probably know that citrus fruits are a fantastic source of vitamin C,
but did you know that oranges, naartjies, lemons and grapegruit are all also
rich in antioxidants?
Citrus contains zeaxathin (like eggs) that maintains healthy vision.
These fruits are rich in flavanones that play a role in preventing cancer.
Citrus fruits also contain caffeic acid that may reduce the risk of heart
disease and eye disease.
A variety of delicious citrus fruits are available in South Africa.
Depending on the season, try to include citrus fruits in your diet as often
as possible.
9. Bananas
Research has shown that high-potassium foods, of which the banana is a prime
example, may lower the risk of stroke.
Potassium also plays a vital role in the functioning of the muscles,
heart and nerves. It ensures that the body’s fluid levels remain balanced
and that the body is neither too alkaline nor too acidic. It also prevents
calcium from being lost in the urine.
Eating bananas before bedtime can also make for a good night's sleep, as
bananas help to increase serotonin levels. To top these benefits, bananas
help to maintain bowel health and are good energy-boosting snacks.
10. Cranberries
Cranberries are packed with proanthocyanidins that have been shown to reduce
the risk of heart disease and stroke, and improve urinary tract health. New
research shows that cranberry juice may also work against gastrointestinal
viruses.
Drink 300 ml cranberry juice every day to reap the benefits.
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